§40-18-73. Withholding certificates.

(a) Every employee, on or before the date of commencement of employment, shall furnish his or her employer with a signed Alabama withholding exemption certificate relating to the number of withholding exemptions which he or she claims, which in no event shall exceed the number to which the employee is entitled. In the event the employee inflates the number of exemptions allowed by this Chapter on Form A-4, the employee shall pay a penalty of five hundred dollars ($500) for such action pursuant to Section 40-29-75.

(b) Due to the fact that the federal exemptions differ significantly from Alabama law, federal Form W-4 is not an acceptable filing under this section; rather Alabama Form A-4 must be utilized to comply with this section.

(c) In the event the employee fails to furnish the employer a signed Alabama Form A-4, the employer must withhold on such employee's wages using no exemptions.

(d) Withholding exemption certificates shall take effect upon the beginning of the employee's first payroll period, or the first payment of wages made without regard to a payroll period, after the date on which the certificate is completed and submitted.

(e) A withholding exemption certificate which takes effect under this section shall continue in effect with respect to the employer until another certificate takes effect under this section. If a withholding exemption certificate is submitted to take the place of an existing certificate, the employer, at his or her option, may continue the old certificate in force with respect to all wages paid on or before the first status determination date and adjust the withholding on January 1 or July 1, whichever occurs at least 30 days after the date on which the new certificate is furnished, or may adjust the withholding immediately.

(f) If, on any day during the calendar year, the number of withholding exemptions to which the employee may reasonably be expected to be entitled at the beginning of his or her next taxable year is different from the number to which the employee is currently entitled, the employee shall, according to rules established by the department, provide the employer with a withholding exemption certificate relating to the number of exemptions which he or she claims with respect to the next taxable year, which shall not exceed the number to which he or she may reasonably be expected to be so entitled. Exemption certificates issued pursuant to this subsection shall not take effect with respect to any payment of wages made in the calendar year in which the certificate is submitted.

(g) Whenever the number of exemptions of an employee either increases or decreases, the employee shall submit to the employer a new exemption certificate which accurately states the true number of exemptions to which that employee is entitled.

(h) Effective for tax years beginning January 1, 1998, and thereafter, an employer shall not be required to deduct and withhold any tax under this chapter upon a payment of wages to an employee if there is in effect with respect to the payment a withholding exemption certificate furnished to the employer by the employee certifying that the employee:

(1) Incurred no liability for income tax imposed under this chapter for the preceding taxable year, and

(2) Anticipates that he or she will not incur a liability for income tax imposed under this chapter for the current year.

(i) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (h), an employer must submit to the department a copy of any withholding exemption certificates where the employee claims eight or more exemptions. Employers failing to provide such withholding exemption certificates within 60 days of the date employment begins, shall be subject to the "failure to timely file" penalty of fifty dollars ($50) per certificate.

(j) Withholding exemption certificates shall be in the form and contain that information which the department may require, and be submitted in accordance with regulations which the department shall prescribe.

(Acts 1955, No. 289, p. 661, §4; Act 98-468, p. 903, §1; Act 2007-199, p. 234, §5.)